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本研究用固相放射免疫分析技术调查38例HBsAg携带者家庭环境(包括各种把手、碗筷图书杂志、桌面、扑克牌)。另一方面,还调查20户非HBsAg携带者家庭作为对照。检测结果显示:58户家庭环境HBsAg污染总阳性率为11.26％。其中,HBsAg携带者家庭的HBsAg污染阳性率为15.28％,明显高于非HBsAg家庭的4.93％(P<0.05)。HBsAg携带者家庭手拭子检查的HBsAg阳性率为21.5％,然而在HBsAg阴性家庭仅4.9％。进一步的研究发现,那些手为HBsAg阳性者的家庭环境,其HBsAg阳性率显著高于那些手未测到HBsAg的家庭、分别为39.2％和6.09％(P<0.001),提示手在乙型肝炎病毒散播中是重要的媒介。至于HBsAg携带者家庭环境受HBsAg污染的来源,调查表明、HBsAg携带者皮肤外伤(包括明显的和不明显的)时的血液和渗出液可能是主要的HBsAg污染来源。本研究结果启示,目前在一些家庭里,乙型肝炎的水平传播(家庭日常生活接触传播)起着重要作用,我们务必予以重视,并采取相应的防制措施。
In this study, 38 cases of HBsAg carriers family environment (including all kinds of handles, tableware magazine, desktop, playing cards) were investigated by solid-phase radioimmunoassay. On the other hand, 20 non-HBsAg carriers families were also investigated as a control. The test results showed that: the total positive rate of HBsAg contamination in 58 families was 11.26%. Among them, the positive rate of HBsAg in HBsAg carriers was 15.28%, significantly higher than that of non-HBsAg carriers (4.93%, P <0.05). The HBsAg positive rate was 21.5% in family hand swab HBsAg carriers, whereas only 4.9% in HBsAg-negative households. Further studies found that those with HBsAg-positive family members had significantly higher HBsAg-positive rates than those who did not have HBsAg, accounting for 39.2% and 6.09%, respectively (P <0.001), suggesting that hepatitis B Viral dissemination is an important medium. As for the sources of HBsAg contamination in the home environment of HBsAg carriers, surveys have shown that blood and exudate at the time of skin trauma (both obvious and insignificant) in HBsAg carriers may be the major source of HBsAg contamination. The results of this study suggest that at present in some families, the horizontal transmission of hepatitis B (contact and spread of daily life of the family) plays an important role, and we must pay attention to it and take appropriate preventive measures.