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基于城市单项卫生行政职能的需要,将整个城市划分为若干卫生区,配置相应的固定驻所、卫生设施和专业人员,实行城市卫生分区管理,是民国广州所确立的近代城市卫生行政区划建制。1920~30年代,广州卫生区划以六区制为基本架构,六大卫生区大体上以珠江为横轴,沿江依次南北纵向分布。自30年代中后期起,其卫生区划开始往东、南远郊乡村地区延伸。研究表明,广州卫生区人口与资源配置特点、卫生区划架构的演进过程及其区划特征,与其城市人口规模、自然地理和社会空间特征、城市扩张方向、卫生经费支持等因素密切相关。这一卫生区划建制在近代中国形塑了具有现代性的城市公共卫生空间。
Based on the needs of the city’s individual health administrative functions, the entire city is divided into a number of health districts, and the corresponding fixed stations, health facilities and professionals are assigned to implement the management of urban health districts. It is the establishment of the modern city health administrative division established by Guangzhou in the Republic of China. From the 1920s to the 1930s, the district planning of Guangzhou was based on the six-district system. The six major health districts were generally based on the Zhujiang River as the horizontal axis, followed by the north-south distribution along the Yangtze River. Since the middle and late 30s, the zoning of sanitation began to extend to the rural areas in the eastern and southern suburbs. The research shows that the characteristics of population and resource allocation, the evolution of zoning structure and its zoning characteristics are closely related to the urban population size, natural geography and social space characteristics, the direction of urban expansion and the support of public health funds. This system of zoning and sanitation in modern China has shaped a modern urban public health space.