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一、前言塔式起重机(简称塔吊)在大型高层建筑中广泛应用。它用六个电机完成起吊、行走、变幅迴转等全过程动作.整个过程采用人工继电控制,且主要凭借起重工的经验操作。在过载的情况下,容易引起塔吊倾倒。多年来,各种事故不断发生。塔吊工作时只有一根吊链,一种速度,故效率很低。但因其适应于高层建筑,起重量大,所以仍在建筑行业中占有一定的优势。若能采用微型计算机,对塔吊实行力矩限量,并采用动态调速措施,则能避免塔身倾倒,保护人身安全和避免财产损失,提高工效和经济效益,并对旧设备的改造和发展新型塔吊都有很大意义。目前国内已有部门在研制此项应用技术,但未见公开。国外生产的新型汽车吊中,有利用微机过载情况进行保护的,国内尚未见引进应用。
I. Introduction Tower cranes (tower cranes) are widely used in large high-rise buildings. It uses six motors to complete the lifting, walking, luffing swivel and the whole process of action. The whole process using artificial relay control, and mainly by virtue of crane experience. In the case of overload, easily lead to tower crane dumping. Over the years, accidents have occurred constantly. Tower crane work only one hanging chain, a speed, it is inefficient. However, due to its adaptation to high-rise buildings, lifting heavy, so still occupy a certain advantage in the construction industry. If the use of microcomputers, the tower crane to implement the torque limit, and the use of dynamic speed control measures, you can avoid the tower dumping, to protect personal safety and property damage to avoid, improve work efficiency and economic benefits, and the transformation of old equipment and the development of new crane Have great significance. Currently there are departments in the development of this application technology, but no public. In the new type of automobile cranes produced in foreign countries, the use of computer overload protection, the country has not yet seen the introduction of applications.