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从17世纪中叶捷克教育家夸美纽斯在《大教学论》中为学校设置地理课程开始,地理课程到如今已经历了300多年的发展,在多数国家的课程结构中均占有重要地位,但是不同国家的地理课程设置情况却存在很大差异。笔者对不同国家的地理课程设置情况从课程开设方式、课程学时和课程种类等方面进行比较分析,以期为我国地理课程设置的优化提供参考。一、地理课程开设方式的比较分析课程开设方式包括课程开设的年级、课程开设的连贯性以及是否单独设科等。1.国外地理课程的开设方式国外多数国家(俄罗斯、美国、英国、法国、德国、日本、芬兰等)都是从小学阶段开始开设地理课程,一直到
Since the mid-17th century Cetinos, the Czech educator, started geography courses for schools in The Great Learning Theory, the geography curriculum has now undergone more than 300 years of development and occupies an important position in the curriculum structure of most countries. However, There are big differences in the setting of geography courses in different countries. The author makes a comparative analysis of the setting of geography courses in different countries from the aspects of the way of opening courses, the class hours and the types of courses so as to provide reference for the optimization of geography curriculum settings in our country. First, a comparative analysis of the geography course to open the way to set up courses, including courses offered by the grade, coherence and the establishment of courses set up separately. 1. Setting up of foreign geography courses Most foreign countries (Russia, the United States, Britain, France, Germany, Japan, Finland, etc.) have started geography courses from the elementary school until