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目的:调查重庆地区流动儿童免疫计划疫苗预防接种情况,总结影响流动儿童接种的因素。方法:采用整群随机抽样法,从重庆市下属的5个区内抽取流动儿童和本地儿童各300例,按照卫生部相关标准统计其免疫计划疫苗预防接种情况,总结接种影响因素。结果:(1)流动儿童的建证率为82.3%(247/300),低于本地儿童100.0%(300/300),流动儿童各疫苗〔如1剂卡介苗(BCG)、1剂脊髓灰质炎疫苗(OPV)、3剂白喉-破伤风-百日咳联合疫苗(DPT)等〕的接种率远低于本地儿童,组间比较,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);(2)家庭收入、父母认知是影响流动儿童免疫计划疫苗预防接种的主要因素。结论:重庆地区流动儿童免疫计划疫苗预防接种情况不容乐观,必须加大宣传教育,增强接种点服务能力,以提高流动儿童免疫计划疫苗预防接种率。
Objective: To investigate the situation of vaccination of floating children immunization program in Chongqing area and to summarize the factors influencing the vaccination of floating children. Methods: A cluster random sampling method was used to collect 300 cases of floating children and local children from 5 subordinate districts in Chongqing. The immunization schedule of vaccine vaccination was counted according to the relevant standards of the Ministry of Health, and the influencing factors of vaccination were summarized. Results: (1) The rate of establishing children was 82.3% (247/300), lower than 100.0% (300/300) of local children. The vaccines for migrant children (such as BCG 1, BCG 1, Vaccine (OPV) and diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis combined vaccine (DPT) were significantly lower than those of local children (P <0.05). (2) Family income, Parents’ cognition is the main factor influencing vaccination of floating children immunization programs. Conclusion: Vaccination of migrant children immunization program in Chongqing area is not optimistic about vaccination. Publicity and education must be stepped up and the service capacity of vaccination sites should be strengthened so as to increase vaccination rate of migrant children immunization program.