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虽然政治方面在努力干预,但在许多国家和地区,来自农业的扩散污染仍然是向水环境释放氮(N)的最大来源。这一事实与最近制定的新的瑞典环境法规,共同促成了一个以评估新的氮污染削减战略为目标的研究设计。本研究的核心内容就是所选择的演示游戏,它针对4个主要目标:验证有法律制约的地下水硝酸盐浓度和氮向海洋传输的环境质量标准的可实施性;寻找成套的农业上可行和划算的措施以减少氮负荷;调查通过有协议的和制度化的演示合作而集体行动的可能性;以及调查数学模拟在环境氮管理中的作用。以来自瑞典西南部沿海农业占优的Genevadsan小流域(224km~2)的特点作为演示游戏的赛场。本研究的最值得关注的结果是,通过并不像大部分参与者预期的那么激烈的经济学措施似乎就有可能满足很高的环境氮标准。演示游戏看起来是一个为了更深入地洞察氮管理问题和研究新的瑞典环境法规及其应用的好方法。另外,演示游戏充当了一个为了获得对不同利益相关者的观点更透彻了解的竞技场。
Despite political efforts to intervene, in many countries and regions diffuse pollution from agriculture continues to be the largest source of nitrogen (N) releases to the water environment. This fact, along with the newly enacted new Swedish environmental legislation, has led to a research project that aims to evaluate a new strategy for reducing nitrogen pollution. At the heart of this study is the demo game of choice, which targets four main goals: verifying the legality of groundwater nitrate concentrations and the enforceability of environmental standards for the transmission of nitrogen to the oceans; finding a package of agriculturally viable and cost-effective Measures to reduce nitrogen load; investigate the possibility of collective action through agreed and institutionalized demonstration cooperation; and investigate the role of mathematical modeling in environmental nitrogen management. Genevadsan small watershed (224km ~ 2), which is dominated by coastal agriculture in southwestern Sweden, serves as a playground for demo games. The most noteworthy result of this study is that it appears that it is possible to meet very high environmental nitrogen standards through less drastic economic measures than most of the participants expected. The demo game appears to be a great way to gain deeper insight into nitrogen management issues and to study new Swedish environmental regulations and their applications. In addition, the demo game serves as an arena in order to gain a better understanding of the different stakeholders’ perspectives.