,Innate and adaptive T cells in influenza disease

• 作 者: Simone Nüssing Sneha Sant Marios Koutsakos Kanta Subbarao Thi H.O.Nguyen Katherine Kedzierska
• 机 构: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne, at the Peter Doherty Institute f
• 出 处: 医学前沿
• 发表日期: 2018年1期
• 关键词: influenza innate T cells CD4+ and CD8+ T cells vaccination

Influenza is a major global health problem,causing infections of the respiratory tract,often leading to acute pneumonia,life-threatening complications and even deaths.Over the last seven decades,vaccination strategies have been utilized to protect people from complications of influenza,especially groups at high risk of severe disease.While current vaccination regimens elicit strain-specific antibody responses,they fail to generate cross-protection against seasonal,pandemic and avian viruses.Moreover,vaccines designed to generate influenzaspecific T-cell responses are yet to be optimized.During natural infection,viral replication is initially controlled by innate immunity before adaptive immune responses (T cells and antibody-producing B cells) achieve viral clearance and host recovery.Adaptive T and B cells maintain immunological memory and provide protection against subsequent infections with related influenza viruses.Recent studies also shed light on the role of innate T-cells (MALT cells,γδ T cells,and NKT cells) in controlling influenza and linking innate and adaptive immune mechanisms,thus making them attractive targets for vaccination strategies.We summarize the current knowledge on influenza-specific innate MAlT and γδ T cells as well as adaptive CD8+ and CD4+ T cells,and discuss how these responses can be haessed by novel vaccine strategies to elicit cross-protective immunity against different influenza strains and subtypes.