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以长链烷基醇、四甲基乙二胺和环氧氯丙烷为原料,经一步反应合成了双季铵盐阳离子表面活性剂(BQAS)。研究了反应时间、反应温度对BQAS产率的影响,确定了合成目标产物的最佳反应时间为24～32h、反应温度为70～80℃,其产率达70.2%～83.3%。目标产物结构通过IR和1HNMR确证。利用吊环法测定目标产物的水溶液在20℃的表面活性,临界胶束浓度(CMC)为7.6×10-6～9.5×10-4mol.L-1,表面张力(γCMC)为34.2～40.6mN.m-1。
Double quaternary ammonium salt cationic surfactant (BQAS) was synthesized by one-step reaction of long-chain alkyl alcohol, tetramethylethylenediamine and epichlorohydrin. The effects of reaction time and reaction temperature on the yield of BQAS were studied. The optimal reaction time was 24 ~ 32h and the reaction temperature was 70 ~ 80 ℃, and the yield was 70.2% ~ 83.3%. The structure of the target product was confirmed by IR and 1H NMR. The surface activity of the target product aqueous solution at 20 ℃ was determined by the ring method. The critical micelle concentration (CMC) was 7.6 × 10-6 ~ 9.5 × 10-4mol.L-1 and the surface tension (γCMC) was 34.2 ~ 40.6mN. m-1.