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目的了解黄埔区中小学生视力现况,为制定防治措施提供依据。方法对28 730名中小学生进行视力检查,按视力低下标准,将被检对象分为视力正常、轻度视力低下、中度视力低下和重度视力低下,比较视力低下检出率和重度视力低下构成比。结果高中生的视力低下检出率88.09%明显高于小学生41.84%和初中生74.76%(P<0.01),“重度”视力低下比例82.48%明显高于初中生55.80%和小学生30.17%(P<0.01)。女生的视力低下检出率和“重度”视力低下比例均显著高于男生(P<0.01),随着年龄增长,男女生的视力低下检出率和“重度”视力低下比例增加,同龄女生高于男生。在低年龄组,男女学生的视力低下检出率和“重度”视力低下比例均已达到一定的水平。结论黄埔区中小学生视力低下问题较为严重,青少年近视防治应从小学低年级开始采取综合措施改善学生视力健康。
Objective To understand the current situation of primary and secondary school students’ eyesight in Huangpu District and provide the basis for making prevention and control measures. Methods A total of 28 730 primary and secondary school students were examined for visual acuity. According to the criteria of low visual acuity, the subjects were divided into normal visual acuity, mild hypopnoea, moderate hypoplasia and severe hypopnoea. The detection rate of low acuity and severe acuity were compared ratio. Results The detection rate of vision loss in high school students was 88.09%, significantly higher than 41.84% of primary school students and 74.76% of junior high school students (P <0.01), and the percentage of low vision was 82.48% in severe cases was significantly higher than 55.80% in junior high school students and 30.17% in primary school students P <0.01). The prevalence of poor eyesight and “severe” eyesight in girls were significantly higher than those in boys (P <0.01). With age, the prevalence of poor eyesight and “severe” eyesight were increased , Girls of the same age are higher than boys. In the lower age group, male and female students had a certain level of poor eyesight and “severe” low vision. Conclusion The problem of poor eyesight in primary and secondary school students in Huangpu District is more serious. Prevention and treatment of juvenile myopia should be taken from the lower grades of elementary school to take comprehensive measures to improve students’ eyesight health.