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建立和完善社会主义市场经济体制,不仅是社会生产力发展的必然产物,而且有一个长期发展的历史过程。在这期间的基本理论主要包括:坚持以公有制为主体多种经济成分并存发展的方针;转换国有企业的经营机制,建立产权清晰,责权明确,政企分开,管理科学的现代化企业制度;建立全国统一开放的市场体系,实现城乡市场结合,国内国外市场接轨,促进资源的优化配置;建立以按劳分配为主体,多种分配方式并存的个人消费品分配制度,体现效率优先,兼顾公平原则,走“先富”与“共富”相结合的道路;建立和健全多层次的社会保障制度,等等。实践证明,这些理论都是正确的,它促进了社会经济的发展和人们生活水平的提高。要解决和发展社会生产力,就必须要搞社会主义市场经济,这已成为人们的共识。但对在社会主义市场经济条件下劳动者的地位及其作用等问题上,却产生了认识上的分歧,甚至有人提出质疑,本文就这一问题谈点个人的看法,与同行们商榷。
Establishing and perfecting the socialist market economic system is not only an inevitable outcome of the development of social productive forces, but also has a long history of historical development. The basic theories during this period mainly include: adhering to the principle of coexistence of various economic components with public ownership as the mainstay; transforming the operating mechanism of state-owned enterprises and establishing a modern enterprise system with clear property rights, clear powers and responsibilities, separation of government from enterprises and management of science; A unified and open market system should be established in order to realize the integration of urban and rural markets and domestic and overseas markets and to promote the optimal allocation of resources. The establishment of a system for the distribution of personal consumer goods with distribution according to work as the mainstay and multiple distributions as modes should give priority to efficiency while giving consideration to the principle of fairness. Take the road of “getting rich first” and “enriching the rich”; establish and improve a multi-level social security system; and so on. Practice has proved that these theories are correct, it has promoted the development of socio-economy and people’s living standards. To solve and develop social productive forces, we must engage in a socialist market economy, which has become the consensus of all people. However, there are divergences of understanding on the status and role of laborers under the conditions of a socialist market economy. Some people even raise questions about this issue. This article talks about personal opinions on this issue and consults with colleagues.