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目的了解本地区成分献血者现况、献血动机及影响其捐献成分血的因素等,以寻求有效提高成分献血者招募、保留力度的方法。方法设计了《江苏省血液中心成分献血者调查问卷》,对在本中心的成分献血者进行随机调查并对结果进行统计分析。结果 1)在调查群体中较低学历层次占74%。2)在献血动机中70.8%人选择“个人性格(助人、奉献爱心)、信仰等”。3)40.9%献血者是通过“同学(事)、朋友或家人介绍”参加成分献血。4)只有22.5%献血者知道“献血前如有危险行为或信息填写有误的处理方法”。5)工作人员态度(55.9%)、预约献血(62.6%)、安全(74.9%)、服务态度(60.5%)及献血环境(78.4%)等成为影响自愿捐献成分血的重要因素。6)70.1%的献血者献血后首要关注“捐献血小板的检测结果”。结论献血者现状、献血动机、对献血的认知、献血全过程的感受、关注重点等多种因素都会影响成分献血者的献血热情和持久程度。在整个成分献血过程中,应做好细致的献血服务、必要的心理疏导和沟通工作;加强成分献血宣传力度,争取得到更多高素质固定献血者的理解、参与和支持。
Objective To understand the status of blood donors in this area, the motivation of blood donation and the factors affecting the blood donation in order to seek ways to effectively increase the recruitment and retention of blood donors. Methods A “Questionnaire on Blood Components of Blood Centers in Jiangsu Province” was designed and a random survey of blood donors in our center was conducted and the results were statistically analyzed. Results 1) The lower education level in the survey population accounted for 74%. 2) In the motivation of blood donation 70.8% of people choose “personal character (helping others, giving love), faith, etc.”. 3) 40.9% of blood donors are donating blood through their “classmates, friends or family members.” 4) Only 22.5% of blood donors know that “there is a dangerous behavior or the information is incorrectly filled before blood donation”. 5) Staff attitude (55.9%), scheduled blood donation (62.6%), safety (74.9%), service attitude (60.5%) and blood donation environment (78.4%) have become important factors influencing voluntary donation of blood components. 6) 70.1% of blood donors after blood donation primary concern “donation of platelet test results ”. Conclusion The current situation of blood donors, the motivation of blood donation, the cognition of blood donation, the whole process of blood donation, the focus of attention and many other factors will all affect the donation enthusiasm and endurance of blood donors. During the process of blood donation, detailed blood donation service and necessary psychological counseling and communication should be done. Blood donation and blood donation should be strengthened to gain more understanding, participation and support from more high-quality fixed blood donors.