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We report that using asymmetric lattice periods can enhance the quality factor of plasmonic surface lattice resonances(SLRs) in two-dimensional array of metal-insulator-metal nanopillars in asymmetric dielectric environment.Simulation results show that by adopting appropriate asymmetric lattice periods,the SLR quality factor can be enhanced by 24％compared with the scenario of symmetric periods.We find that the SLR quality factor is optimized when the resonance wavelength is closest to the Rayleigh cutoff wavelength.We also find that the SLRs effect is polarization sensitive in the proposed structure.We expect this work will advance the engineering of SLRs especially in asymmetric dielectric environments,and will promote their applications in sensing.