论文部分内容阅读
本研究旨在通过在饲粮中添加四种类型的低聚糖,观察其对肉鸡生长性能、粪便中产生异味的主要化合物浓度和盲肠微生物区系的作用。300只平均重量为702.3g的21日龄AA肉鸡随机分为5个处理组:基础饲粮组、基础饲粮+5 g/kg甘露聚糖-低聚糖、基础饲粮+1.2 g/kg菊粉,、基础饲粮+1.5 g/kg低聚果糖和基础饲粮+1.25 g/kg大豆低聚糖。每个处理组6个重复,每个重复10只鸡,试验期为21天并进行称重和采食量的记录。40、41、42日龄时,每个重复采集新鲜的粪便存于-20℃冰箱。42日龄时,在无菌的条件下采集肉鸡的盲肠和盲肠内容物并存于-80℃冰箱。结果显示,饲粮中添加菊粉、低聚果糖和大豆低聚糖可以提高肉鸡的日增重(P<0.05)。大豆低聚糖组的料重比(1.84)低于其他处理组(P>0.05)。低聚果糖组粪便中挥发性碱性氮、p H值、吲哚和粪臭素的水平是最低的,大豆低聚糖组挥发性脂肪酸浓度显著高于基础饲粮组(P<0.05)。利用PCR-DGGE的方法测定肉鸡盲肠微生物区系,结果显示大豆低聚糖组的盲肠微生物多样性指数和丰富度指数显著高于其他处理组。菊糖组的均匀度最低,除了与大豆低聚糖组无显著差异外,菊糖组的均匀度显著的低于其他处理组(P<0.05)。基于DGGE的条带对应的16 s r DNA序列,同时结合粪便中产生异味的主要化合物含量,所以我们认为不可培养的毛螺菌科和拟杆菌与粪便中主要产生异味的成分有着相关性。
The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of adding four types of oligosaccharides to diets on the growth performance of broiler chickens, the concentration of major compounds producing fetid odor in feces, and the cecal microflora. 300 21-day-old AA broilers with an average weight of 702.3 g were randomly divided into five treatment groups: basal diet, basal diet +5 g / kg mannan-oligosaccharides, basal diet +1.2 g / kg Inulin, basal diet +1.5 g / kg fructooligosaccharides and basal diet + 1.25 g / kg soy oligosaccharides. Six replicates per treatment group, 10 chickens per replicate, for a trial period of 21 days and recording of the weights and feed intake. At 40, 41, and 42 days of age, fresh feces were collected from each replicate in a -20 ° C freezer. At 42 days of age, the caecal and cecal contents of broiler chickens were collected under aseptic conditions and stored in a -80 ° C freezer. The results showed that dietary supplementation with inulin, fructooligosaccharides and soybean oligosaccharides increased daily gain (P <0.05). The feed weight ratio (1.84) of soybean oligosaccharides group was lower than other treatment groups (P> 0.05). The concentrations of volatile basic nitrogen, p H, indole and skatole were the lowest in feces of oligofructose group, and the levels of volatile fatty acids in soybean oligosaccharides group were significantly higher than those of the basic diet group (P <0.05). The caecal microbial flora of broiler chickens was detected by PCR-DGGE. The results showed that the caecum microbial diversity index and richness index of soybean oligosaccharides group were significantly higher than those of other treatment groups. Inulin group had the lowest homogeneity. In addition to no significant difference with soybean oligosaccharides group, the uniformity of inulin group was significantly lower than other treatment groups (P <0.05). Based on the 16 s r DNA sequence corresponding to the DGGE band and the amount of the major compound producing the odor in the stool, it is considered that uncultured Trichoideas and Bacteroides belong to the major odor components in the stool.