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目的了解深圳市啮齿动物自然感染汉坦病毒(HV)状况和病毒型别,为制订防制措施提供科学依据。方法收集宿主动物资料,采用酶联免疫吸附试验和间接免疫荧光试验分别检测鼠血清特异性总抗体和IgG抗体,直接免疫荧光检测鼠肺汉坦病毒抗原。将阳性鼠肺标本接种长爪沙鼠分离HV,阳性鼠肺标本提取病毒RNA,应用型特异性引物进行逆转录-巢式PCR扩增及核苷酸序列测定从而进行分型鉴定。结果共捕获鼠形动物472只,其中以褐家鼠为优势鼠种,带病毒率为9．96%。鼠血标本总抗体阳性76例,IgG阳性56例。成功分离到1株HV,命名为SZ2083。经逆转录-巢式PCR扩增并进行序列测定显示为汉城(SEO)型。序列比较分析发现SZ2083核苷酸序列与L99同源性为97%,而与HTN 76-118株的同源性仅为76%。结论深圳市存在着以家鼠型为主的肾综合征出血热自然疫源地。
Objective To understand the natural status of hantavirus (Hantaan virus) and virus type in rodent in Shenzhen and to provide a scientific basis for the development of control measures. Methods The host animal samples were collected. ELISA and indirect immunofluorescence assay were used to detect the serum specific total antibodies and IgG antibodies respectively. The direct immunofluorescence assay was used to detect Hantavirus antigen in mouse lung. Positive murine lung specimens were inoculated with Mongolian gerbils to isolate HV and positive murine lung samples for viral RNA extraction. Reverse transcriptase-nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and nucleotide sequencing were used to identify the virus RNA. Results A total of 472 mouse-shaped animals were captured, of which Rattus norvegicus was the predominant mouse species with a viral load of 9.96%. There were 76 cases of total antibody positive in murine blood samples and 56 cases of IgG positive. Successfully isolated a HV, named SZ2083. Reverse transcription-nested PCR amplification and sequencing showed Seoul (SEO) type. Sequence analysis revealed that the nucleotide sequence of SZ2083 shared 97% homology with L99 and only 76% homology with HTN 76-118. Conclusion There is a natural foci of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in Shenzhen city.