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与以英语为代表的表音文字相比,汉语词语在构词方式和语义特征上具有很独特的文字理据性。这种文字理据性在很大程度上影响着汉语对待外来词的态度和采取的吸收方式。本文从汉语词语文字理据性的角度出发,分析探讨了语音转写、语义摆布和语音转写兼语义摆布等外来词的不同译介过程,进而指出外来词的翻译是与语言文化因素紧密相关的,不论采取何种方法,都应视具体情况,力求既要体现异域特色又要遵守汉语文字理据性的特点。
Compared with phonograms, which are represented by English, Chinese words have unique textual motivation in terms of word formation and semantic features. This kind of written motivation affects to a large extent the attitude of the Chinese towards foreign words and the way they are taken. In this paper, from the perspective of the motivation of Chinese words, this paper analyzes and discusses the different translation processes of foreign words, such as phonetic transcription, semantic merging and phonetic transcription, as well as semantic merging, and then points out that the translation of foreign words is closely related to linguistic and cultural factors Regardless of the method adopted, it should be based on the specific circumstances and strive to reflect the characteristics of both the outside world and the characteristics of Chinese written motivation.