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本文分四种情况讨论了“都”的语义关联现象:一、“都”的量化;二、疑问词+“都”;三、条件句中的“都”;四、特指问句中的“都”。经过事实分析和理论论证之后,我们认为,在第一、三种情况下,“都”是周遍语,其作用对象包括强式名词、“无论”引导的条件句和作主语的疑问句。“都”投射为功能语类DistP,其作用对象在推导过程中经过[Spec,DistP]获得逐指解。在第二、四种情况下,“都”是允准语,其作用对象是疑问词。“都”的副词性质决定其只能嫁接到Asp’、Asp、V’或V。在表层结构,“都”最大统领的疑问词表任指。特指问句中,疑问算符约束“都”和疑问词,疑问词表疑问,“都”的允准语功能失效。
This article discusses the semantic association of “all ” in four cases: one, the quantification of “all ”; two interrogative words + “all ”; Fourth, specifically in the question “ ”. After the factual analysis and theoretical argumentation, we think that in the first and third cases, “are ” are Zhoubian, the role of object, including strong nouns, “no matter ” guide the conditional and the subject Interrogative sentence “All ” is projected as the functional category DistP, and its role object gets the solution of “finger” through [Spec, DistP] during the derivation process. In the second and fourth cases, “are ” is a permit language, the role of the object is questionable words. The adverbial nature of “都 都” determines that it can only be grafted onto Asp ’, Asp, V’ or V. In the surface structure, “all ” the largest command of the question vocabulary for reference. Specifically in the question, question operator constraints “all ” and question words, question thesaurus questions, “are ” permission language function failure.