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目的了解北京市居民应急知识和技能水平及其影响因素,为制定干预策略提供依据。方法采用多阶段分层整群抽样方法,选取北京市18岁以上居民1 000人进行问卷调查。结果 988人参加调查,男性471人,女性516人,缺失1人;平均年龄40.60岁;31人为残疾,残疾率为3.2%。女性、30~39岁年龄组、大专及以上文化程度、3口之家、卫生相关技术人员、高层有电梯、城市居民、受过培训/宣传和演练人群应急知识和技能具备率较高,分别为40.5%、39.5%、38.9%、38.2%、72.0%、38.1%、36.2%、47.2%和52.8%(P<0.05)。多因素分析结果显示,文化程度、民族、家庭人口数、职业和参加应急演练是应急知识和技能具备情况的影响因素。结论北京市居民应急知识和技能水平较低,今后应根据文化程度、民族、家庭人口数等特点开展应急知识和技能的宣传和培训。
Objective To understand the level of residents’ emergency knowledge and skills in Beijing and its influencing factors, and to provide the basis for formulating intervention strategies. Methods A multi-stage stratified cluster sampling method was used to select 1000 residents over the age of 18 in Beijing for questionnaire survey. Results 988 people participated in the survey, 471 males, 516 females, one missing; the average age of 40.60 years; 31 were disabled, the disability rate was 3.2%. Women, 30-39 age group, college education and above, 3 family, health-related technical staff, high-rise elevators, urban residents, trained and publicized and drilled crowd emergency knowledge and skills with higher rates were 40.5%, 39.5%, 38.9%, 38.2%, 72.0%, 38.1%, 36.2%, 47.2% and 52.8% (P <0.05). Multivariate analysis showed that education, ethnicity, family size, occupation and participation in emergency drills were the influencing factors of emergency knowledge and skills. Conclusion Residents in Beijing have a relatively low level of emergency knowledge and skills. In the future, public awareness and training on emergency knowledge and skills should be carried out according to their educational level, ethnicity and family size.