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[目的]探讨自贡市的尘肺流行病学特征,为我市的尘肺的防治工作提供科学的依据。[方法]采用描述流行病学方法对自贡市1962～2008年确诊并上报的1624例尘肺病例进行分析。[结果]地区分布以荣县、富顺两县和自流井区为主,分别占50.18%、19.40%、14.78%;工种以煤矿混合工、石工、主采煤工、纯采煤工、采矿工为主,共计1419人,占总数的87.39%;尘肺病种以煤工尘肺和矽肺为主,分别占60.3%、36.1%;以Ⅰ期、Ⅱ期为主,分别为47.29%;、43.97%,首次诊断时间1962～1969年最多、1990～1999年最少,分别为在640例、71例;发病潜伏期集中于11～15年;有208例病人是由Ⅰ期晋为Ⅱ期,有2例Ⅰ期晋为Ⅲ期,有69例Ⅱ期病人晋为Ⅲ期;有234名尘肺病人并发结核病;在死亡的618例病人中矽肺病人354人,病死率为60.41%;煤工尘肺250人,25.54%。[结论]全市尘肺的防治工作重点应放在煤炭行业、冶金行业和建筑行业。
[Objective] To explore the epidemiological characteristics of pneumoconiosis in Zigong City and provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control of pneumoconiosis in our city. [Methods] Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze 1624 pneumoconiosis cases diagnosed and reported from 1962 to 2008 in Zigong City. [Result] The regional distribution was mainly Rongrong County, Fushun County and Ziliujing District, accounting for 50.18%, 19.40% and 14.78% respectively. The main types of work were mainly coal miner, masonry, main coal miner, pure coal miner and mining worker , A total of 1419 people, accounting for 87.39% of the total; pneumoconiosis patients with coal workers pneumoconiosis and silicosis, accounting for 60.3%, 36.1%; to phase Ⅰ, Ⅱ mainly 47.29%, 43.97% The diagnosis time was the most from 1962 to 1969, the least from 1990 to 1999, which was 640 cases and 71 cases respectively. The incubation period was 11-15 years. There were 208 cases of stage Ⅰ to stage Ⅱ and 2 cases of stage Ⅰ Jin stage Ⅲ, 69 cases of stage Ⅱ patients to phase Ⅲ; 234 pneumoconiosis patients with tuberculosis; death of 618 patients silicosis patients 354 people, the mortality rate was 60.41%; coal workers pneumoconiosis 250, 25.54% . [Conclusion] The prevention and treatment of pneumoconiosis should focus on the coal industry, metallurgical industry and construction industry.