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葛洲坝工程是目前我国已建和在建中最大的水利枢纽工程。枢纽泄水闸是世界上泄量最大的泄水建筑物之一。泄水闸是枢纽泄洪、排砂的基本通道,在二期工程施工期间,还兼下泄二江电厂发电引用后多余弃水的任务,是枢纽安全运行的生命线。二期工程施工的五年中,泄水闸是在特殊条件下运行的。它经受了一九八一年特大洪水和特多泥砂下泄过闸的考验。为确保安全运行,每年汛后均进行了检修(亦称岁修)。检修过程发现,在长江宜昌河段的水砂条件下,混凝土被冲磨破坏是具有一定规律性的。本文旨在阐明五年来泄水闸冲磨破坏的规律,从冲磨后的现象证明脆性材料的抗磨能力主要是由其硬度(不是强度)确定的。同时,对流速、流态与冲磨破坏的关系也稍加论证。
Gezhouba Project is currently the largest hydropower project in China and under construction. The hub sluice is one of the largest drainage structures in the world. Sluice sluice is the basic channel for flood discharge and sand discharge of the hub. During the construction of the second phase, it also takes the task of discharging extra waste water after power generation quoting of Erjiang Power Plant, which is the lifeline of the safe operation of the hub. In the five years of the second phase of construction, sluice gates are operated under special conditions. It has undergone the test of the grave flood in 1981 and the discharge of muddy sand in Trinidad and Tobago. In order to ensure safe operation, each year after the flood were overhaul (also known as annual repair). Maintenance process found that in the Yangtze River Yichang section of the water sand conditions, the concrete is damaged by erosion has a certain regularity. The purpose of this paper is to clarify the law of flushing failure of sluice in the past 5 years. It is proved from the phenomenon after abrasion that the abrasion resistance of brittle materials is mainly determined by its hardness (not strength). At the same time, the relationship between flow velocity, fluidity and abrasion damage is also slightly verified.