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“天罚”与刑罚有着不解之缘。德国刑法中的“天罚免刑”规则之基本内涵包括因果关联、适用罪域、限度条件、适用后果四个方面。“天罚免刑”规则的价值意蕴在于融通法理与情理、实现个案正义。“天罚免刑”规则的实质根据在于刑罚适用的迫不得已性、预防导向的刑罚目的观、“天罚”与刑罚互可通约的惩罚本质。我国将来的刑事立法可以考虑增设“天罚免刑”规则;当前,应当将“天罚免刑”规则的精神实质合理地解释到我国刑法第37条之中,进而通过该条文在司法个案中的适用最大程度地实现刑罚轻缓化。
“Fine” and the penalty has a bond. The basic connotation of the rule of “freedom of punishment” in German criminal law includes four aspects: causation, scope of application, limits and applicable consequences. The value implication of the rule of “free time penalty” lies in the merging of law and reason and the realization of individual case justice. The essence of the rule of “day penalty free punishment ” rule lies in the imposition of penalties, the purpose of the purpose of prevention-oriented penalty, “natural punishment ” and the punishable nature of punishment. In the future, our country’s criminal legislation may consider adding a new rule of “day penalty to avoid punishment”. At present, the spirit of the rule of “day punishment” should be properly interpreted into the 37th article of our criminal law, The application of the case to maximize the penalty to achieve mitigation.