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甘肃白龙江流域是我国嘉陵江上游水资源重要的补给地之一,对其开展流域生态系统水源供给服务功能空间定量评估研究,有利于水源区保护规划的制定和生态补偿机制的建立。论文基于研究区土地利用数据、气象、土壤和野外观测数据等,应用InVEST模型水源供给模块估算白龙江流域生态系统的水源供给量,并定量分析流域水源供给服务的空间分布特征及不同地形因子的影响。结果表明:白龙江流域生态系统水源平均供给量约在388 mm左右,且存在一定的空间异质性;中部干热河谷区域水源供给量相对较小,东南部山地林区降雨量大,水源供给量较高,林地(如云冷杉类、针叶林类等)和农田水源供给量较高。流域内水源供给量随海拔高度和坡度的增加呈现先增加后减小的趋势,其高值区主要分布在1 500~3 500 m和15°~40°区段;阴坡区域水源供给量大于阳坡区域。
The Bailong River Basin in Gansu Province is one of the important recharge areas for water resources in the upper reaches of Jialing River in our country. It is of great significance to carry out the quantitative assessment of the spatial distribution of water source services in the basin, which is conducive to the formulation of the conservation planning of water source areas and the establishment of ecological compensation mechanism. Based on the data of land use, meteorology, soil and field observation in the study area, this paper estimates the water supply of ecosystem in Bailong River Basin by using InVEST model water supply module and quantitatively analyzes the spatial distribution of water supply and the impact of different topographic factors . The results showed that the average water supply of the ecosystem in Bailongjiang River Basin was about 388 mm, and there was a certain degree of spatial heterogeneity. The supply of water in the dry-hot valley was relatively small in the central part of China. The rainfall in the southeastern mountainous forest area was large, Higher, woodland (such as cloud fir, coniferous forest, etc.) and farmland water supply higher. The water supply in the basin tends to increase at first and then decrease with the increase of altitude and slope. The high value areas are mainly distributed in the section of 1 500-3 500 m and the area of 15 ° -40 °. The supply of water in the shady area is greater than Sunny area.