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分析绿洲人工灌排技术发展和耕地格局变化之间的关系,对研究干旱区灌溉农业发展具有重要的意义。论文选取玛纳斯河流域为研究区,利用RS和GIS技术,对玛纳斯河流域1960年地形图,1976、1989、1997、2006、2013年Landsat遥感影像和历史水利工程建设分布图等原始数据进行处理,获得5期人工灌排渠系矢量图和6期土地利用分类矢量图,并计算人工灌排渠系长度指数和表征耕地格局的绿洲垦殖率、净耕地系数、周长面积比;利用多元逐步回归法,分析干旱区绿洲人工灌排技术对耕地格局变化的影响。结果表明:滴灌技术应用前,玛纳斯河流域耕地分布格局由灌排渠系的空间分布决定,尤其是农渠的分布格局和长度,其与耕地面积的回归方程为y=0.43x+7.38(R~2=0.90,n=33,P=0);滴灌技术应用后,耕地分布格局的变化取决于滴灌系统管网的空间分布,尤其是干管和支管的分布格局与长度,导致流域灌溉水利用系数从1960年的0.38增长到2010年的0.65。
Analysis of the relationship between the technology development of irrigated cane and the change of arable land pattern in oasis is of great significance to the research on the development of irrigated agriculture in arid area. Papers selected Manas River Basin as the research area, the use of RS and GIS technology, the Manas River basin in 1960 topographic maps, 1976, 1989, 1997, 2006, 2013 Landsat remote sensing images and historical water conservancy projects such as distribution map Data of five artificial irrigation canal system and six stages of land use classification vector chart, and artificial irrigation canal length index and characterize the pattern of arable land oasis reclamation rate, net cultivated land coefficient, perimeter area ratio; Using multivariate stepwise regression analysis, the effect of artificial irrigation and drainage technology on the change of arable land pattern in arid areas was analyzed. The results showed that before the application of drip irrigation technology, the distribution pattern of cultivated land in Manasi River Basin was determined by the spatial distribution of irrigation and drainage system, especially the distribution pattern and length of the agricultural canal. The regression equation of cultivated land area was y = 0.43x + 7.38 (R ~ 2 = 0.90, n = 33, P = 0). After the application of drip irrigation technology, the change of arable land distribution pattern depends on the spatial distribution of drip irrigation system pipe network, especially the distribution pattern and length of main pipe and branch pipe, Irrigation water use coefficient increased from 0.38 in 1960 to 0.65 in 2010.