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目的:探讨急性肾衰竭的病因及临床特点,为早期防治提供理论依据。方法:对我院住院的100例ARF患者进行回顾性分析。分析肾前性、肾实质性和肾后梗阻性ARF的各种病因,并对肾实质性ARF的临床进行重点分析。结果:100例患者中,肾前性ARF20例(20%)病因为胃肠道失液、心衰、肾病综合征、术后缺血等。肾实质性ARF70例(70%,)其中42例(42%)肾实质性ARF是由明确的肾前性因素发展而来。肾后梗阻性ARF10例(10%),病因为肿瘤、结石、前列腺增生、腹膜后纤维化、泌尿系畸形、神经性膀胱。结论:肾前性ARF常被忽视,未能及时诊断;肾小管间质病变是肾实质性ARF主要原因,药物是首位病因。
Objective: To investigate the etiology and clinical features of acute renal failure and provide a theoretical basis for early prevention and treatment. Methods: A retrospective analysis of 100 ARF patients hospitalized in our hospital. Analysis of various causes of prerenal, renal parenchymal and retroperitoneal obstruction ARF, and focus on the clinical analysis of renal parenchymal ARF. Results: Of the 100 patients, 20 cases of prerenal ARF (20%) had gastrointestinal fluid loss, heart failure, nephrotic syndrome and postoperative ischemia. Renal Substantial ARF 70 Cases (70%) Of the 42 cases (42%), renal parenchymal ARF was developed from a definite prerenal factor. Renal obstructive ARF 10 cases (10%), the cause of cancer, stones, benign prostatic hyperplasia, retroperitoneal fibrosis, urinary tract deformity, neurogenic bladder. CONCLUSIONS: Prerenal ARF is often overlooked and can not be diagnosed in time. Tubulointerstitial lesions are the main cause of renal parenchymal ARF. Drugs are the primary cause.