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目的识别、分析某中型煤矿可能产生的职业病危害因素,探讨其预防与控制对策。方法采用现场职业卫生学调查和职业病危害因素检测检验方法。结果该煤矿生产过程中可能会产生煤尘、矽尘、化学毒物、噪声、振动和高温等职业病危害因素。工作场所中的一氧化碳、氮氧化物、二氧化碳、硫化氢及二氧化硫的浓度均符合国家卫生标准;煤尘C-TWA检测结果在0.84～2.95mg/m3之间,超标率为27.27%;矽尘C-TWA检测结果在0.47～0.64mg/m3之间,超标率为0;噪声共检测15个点,检测结果在72.7～97.9dB(A)之间,超标率为26.67%。结论煤矿存在的职业病危害的防治应从职业病危害控制点入手,采取切实可行的防护设施或措施,尤其应重视对煤尘、矽尘及噪声的防护。
Objective To identify and analyze the possible occupational hazards that may occur in a medium-sized coal mine and explore its prevention and control measures. Methods The field occupational health survey and occupational disease hazard testing methods were used. As a result, coal mine dust, silica dust, chemical poisons, noise, vibration and high temperature occupational hazards may occur in the coal production process. The concentration of carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxide, carbon dioxide, hydrogen sulfide and sulfur dioxide in the workplace are in line with national health standards; coal dust C-TWA test results between 0.84 ~ 2.95mg / m3, exceeding the standard rate of 27.27%; silica dust C -TWA test results ranged from 0.47 to 0.64 mg / m 3, with an over-standard rate of 0; a total of 15 noise points were detected and the test results were between 72.7 and 97.9 dB (A) with an over-standard rate of 26.67%. Conclusion The prevention and control of occupational hazards in coal mines should start with the control points of occupational hazards and adopt practical protection facilities or measures, with particular emphasis on the protection of coal dust, silica dust and noise.