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桓台县是我国北方地区的老井灌区,现有配套机井9646眼,由于连年干旱和超采地下水,导致地下水位的下降,严重影响了农业的持续发展。为解决农田用水,广大水利科技人员先后试验成功并推广了渠畦节水,引黄补源,强化管理等措施,基本控制了地下水位下降。1989年遇上建国40年来没有的大旱,地下水位埋深仅比1988年同期下降0.04m,保证了全县农业用水。1988年在5个月滴雨未落的大旱情况下,粮食亩产和总产创历史最高水平,被水利部评为全国101个水利先进县之一,并受到国务院表彰。本文扼要介绍他们在以水保粮、开源节流,夺取农业连续十年丰收的经验。
Huantai County is an old well irrigation area in the northern part of China. There are 9,646 supporting wells currently in operation. Due to successive years of drought and over-exploitation of groundwater, the decline of groundwater level has seriously affected the sustainable development of agriculture. In order to solve the farmland water use, the majority of water conservancy science and technology personnel have successfully tested and promoted such measures as water diversion and diversion, diversion of resources from the Yellow River, enhancement of management and other measures, and basically controlled the decline of the water table. In 1989, it encountered a severe drought that had not occurred since the founding of the People’s Republic of China for 40 years. The depth of groundwater table was only 0.04m lower than the same period of 1988, ensuring agricultural water use throughout the county. In 1988, under the condition of dripless rain in 5 months, grain output per mu and total output reached the highest level in history. It was rated by the Ministry of Water Resources as one of the 101 advanced water conservancy counties in the country and was commended by the State Council. This article briefly introduces their experience in water harvesting, cutting income and cutting expenditure, and capturing the agricultural harvest for a decade.