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目的调查分析成都市幼教人员手足口病知信行及其对手足口病发病影响,为制定更有针对性的科学防控方案提供依据。方法 2014年在全市随机抽取116所托幼机构中的474名幼教人员进行问卷调查,其中手足口病高发组和低发组各58所(根据全市托幼机构手足口病平均发病率)。结果 99.37%的幼教人员认为手足口病有传染性,知晓手足口病一般症状有发热、手足有皮疹、口腔出现疱疹分别占93.88%、74.47%和69.83%,完全知晓上述3类临床表现的人员占51.48%。认识到手足口病可通过粪口途径、密切接触、空气飞沫3种传播途径的知晓率分别为94.09%、44.30%和80.80%,对3种手足口病传播途径完全知晓率为29.54%,低发组幼教人员对于密切接触及完全知晓3种传播途径知晓率高于高发组幼教人员(P<0.05)。关于消毒、晨午检等8项防控信念正确持有率均达到98%以上。幼教人员洗手相关行为率均85%以上,90.72%有让儿童勤洗手的习惯,71.94%保持教室和午休室通风,低发组幼教人员用洗手液或肥皂洗手比例高于高发组(P<0.05)。结论成都市托幼机构幼教人员具有一定的手足口病防控知识和良好的防控信念行为,但部分幼教人员尤其是高发幼儿园幼教人员在传播途径等方面认识存在误区、正确洗手等行为率较低,应加强针对性指导。
Objective To investigate and analyze the impact of HIV / AIDS and HIV-related HFMD in early childhood education in Chengdu and to provide a basis for more targeted scientific prevention and control programs. Methods In 2014, 474 preschool education staff from 116 nurses and nurses were randomly selected from the city for questionnaire survey. Among them, 58 were HFMD and 58 from HFMD (according to the average prevalence of hand-foot-mouth disease in kindergartens). Results 99.37% of the preschool teachers thought hand-foot-mouth disease was contagious. The general symptoms of hand-foot-mouth disease were fever, skin rash in hand and foot, and oral herpes accounted for 93.88%, 74.47% and 69.83% respectively. Those who fully knew the above three clinical manifestations Accounting for 51.48%. Recognizing that the awareness rate of three routes of transmission of man-foot-and-mouth disease through fecal-oral route, close contact and air-droplet were 94.09%, 44.30% and 80.80% respectively, the full awareness of three routes of hand-foot-mouth disease was 29.54% The awareness rate of preschool education staff in low-risk group was close to that of preschool education staff in close contact and full knowledge (P <0.05). On the disinfection, morning afternoon inspection and other eight prevention and control of faith, the correct ownership rate reached 98%. The rate of hand-washing-related behaviors among preschool teachers was above 85%, 90.72% had the habit of washing their children’s hands frequently, 71.94% kept the classroom and lunchroom ventilated, and the percentage of handwashes in handicrafts or soap was lower in preschool teachers ). Conclusion Kindergarten teachers in kindergartens in Chengdu have a certain hand-foot-mouth disease prevention and control knowledge and good prevention and control beliefs. However, some kindergarten teachers, especially kindergarten kindergarten teachers, have misunderstandings about the route of transmission, etc. Low, should be targeted to strengthen guidance.