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目的调查猪相关职业人群戊型肝炎感染情况及其危险因素。方法2005年在浙江省北部的德清县采用横断面调查方法,调查养猪、销售、屠宰和兽医4类猪相关职业人群,记录个人背景特征和职业暴露情况并采血,用ELISA法检测该人群的HEV-IgG抗体水平。结果在409例猪相关职业人群中,抗HEV-IgG阳性者297人,总感染率72.62%;单因素显示戊肝感染受到年龄、从业年限、出生地和职业的影响;而多因素分析则显示年龄和从业年限是该人群戊肝感染的危险因素。结论猪相关职业人群具有特殊的职业特征,男性多、局限的年龄范围、从业年限和人群流动性因不同职业而有所不同;男女感染率无差异,但感染率伴随年龄和从业年限的增长而逐步上升,提示着这类人群具有更多的戊肝感染相关的危险因素,职业环境对女性危害可能更大。
Objective To investigate the status of hepatitis E infection and its risk factors in pig-related occupational population. Methods In 2004, a cross-sectional survey was conducted in Deqing County of northern Zhejiang Province to investigate the occupational groups related to pigs in pig breeding, marketing, slaughter and veterinary categories. Personal background characteristics and occupational exposure were recorded and blood samples were collected. ELISA was used to detect the population HEV-IgG antibody level. Results Of the 409 pig-related occupational groups, 297 were positive for anti-HEV-IgG, with a total infection rate of 72.62%. Single factor analysis showed that hepatitis E infection was affected by age, years of employment, place of birth and occupation, while multivariate analysis showed Age and years of service are the risk factors for hepatitis E infection in this population. Conclusion The occupational groups related to pigs have special occupational characteristics. There are many men with limited age range, years of employment and population mobility due to different occupations. There is no difference in the infection rates between men and women, but the infection rate increases with age and years of service Gradual rise, suggesting that such people have more risk factors associated with hepatitis E infection, occupational environment may be more harmful to women.