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“人之所以为人”即人的本质或人性,是一切人权观、人权理论的基础。而人性或人的本质,在各种文化里都是最深层核心的而且是最历史具体的东西。中西人权观差异的最深刻和细致的根源,就在各自文化传统对何谓“做人”、什么叫“人之为人”的理解里。探讨这差异的工作,即是中西人论的比较研究。这是一门专门学术,有多方面的重要意义,对人权问题的讨论尤其要紧。下面就扼要分析一下中西文化和人论传统对“人之为人”的各自看法和原因,以及彼此差异与对立的意义。
“The reason why people are human beings” is the human nature or human nature, which is the basis of all human rights and human rights theories. The nature of humanity or human beings, in all cultures, is the deepest core and the most historical concrete thing. The most profound and meticulous roots of the differences between Chinese and Western human rights attitudes are in their own cultural traditions of what it means to be a man and what is called human beings. The study of this difference is a comparative study of Chinese and Western theories. This is an academic and multi-faceted significance. The discussion of human rights issues is especially important. Here is a brief analysis of the respective views and causes of the “human beings being human beings” from the traditions of Chinese and Western cultures and the people, as well as the significance of the differences and contradictions between each other.