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目的分析广州市荔湾区2007~2012年霍乱监测情况,为预防控制提供依据。方法根据《广州市霍乱监测方案》以及《霍乱防治手册》(第5版),对腹泻病人和重点人群粪便、水产品、食品及外环境水体进行采样监测、分离和鉴定。结果 2007~2012年荔湾区共监测霍乱标本20 687份,阳性19份,总阳性率0.09%。其中检索腹泻病人16 319份,阳性7份,阳性率0.04%;重点人群446份,无阳性;水产品等食品2 104份,阳性8份,其中以蛙类为主,阳性率0.38%;外环境监测点共监测1 818份,阳性4份,阳性率0.22%。在19份阳性标本中,血清学分型O1群稻叶型11株、小川型6株,O139群2株。霍乱主要毒力基因检测结果均为阴性。结论荔湾区外环境水体、水产品存在霍乱弧菌,应加强蛙类等水产品监测,及时了解其污染状况,以便采取有针对性的措施,预防控制霍乱的发生和流行。
Objective To analyze the status of cholera surveillance in Liwan District of Guangzhou from 2007 to 2012 and provide basis for prevention and control. Methods According to “Cholera Surveillance Program in Guangzhou City” and “Cholera Prevention and Control Manual” (5th Edition), sampling, monitoring, isolation and identification of excrement, aquatic products, foodstuffs and external environmental water in diarrhea patients and key people were conducted. Results A total of 20 687 samples of cholera were collected from Liwan District during 2007 ~ 2012, 19 were positive, with a total positive rate of 0.09%. Among them, 16 319 were positive for diarrhea, positive rate was 0.04%, 446 were non-positive in key population, 2 104 were aquatic products and other 8 were positive, of which frogs were the main positive rate of 0.38% A total of 1 818 environmental monitoring sites were monitored, 4 were positive and the positive rate was 0.22%. Among 19 positive samples, 11 serotype O1 group rice leaf type, 6 Ogawa type, 2 O139 group. Cholera major virulence gene test results were negative. Conclusions Vibrio cholerae are found outside the water and aquatic products in Liwan district. Surveillance of aquatic frogs and other aquatic products should be strengthened to keep abreast of pollution status so that targeted measures can be taken to prevent and control the occurrence and prevalence of cholera.