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我国的物理“课程标准”将科学探究定义为“提出问题、猜想与假设.制定计划与设计实验、进行实验与收集证据.分析与论证、评估、交流与合作”等七个层面.为加强中考对基础教育的导向作用,教育部强调,“应加强考查学生的科学精神、科学态度和科学探究能力”.为此,全国各地近两年中考物理试卷中探究型试题不断涌现,呈星火燎原之势.预计在今后较长时间,该题型仍然是中考热点题型.下面以光学、热学和力学中各一个典型题为例谈谈如何解答探究型试题.
China’s physics “course standards” define scientific inquiry as “proposed questions, conjectures, and hypotheses. Formulating plans and designing experiments, conducting experiments, and collecting evidence. Analysis and demonstration, evaluation, exchange, and cooperation.” With regard to the guiding role of basic education, the Ministry of Education emphasizes that “students’ scientific spirit, scientific attitude, and scientific inquiry ability should be strengthened.” For this reason, inquiries in the physical examination papers in the examination papers in recent two years across the country have continued to emerge. It is expected that in the future a long time, this type of question is still a hot topic in the exam. The following takes a typical example in each of optics, thermals, and mechanics as an example to talk about how to answer the inquiry question.