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目的:研究不同配比的磷、钾肥对桔梗生长、产量及品质的影响,旨在选出适宜赤峰地区人工种植桔梗的最佳磷、钾肥配施方案。方法:通过田间实验,采用正交设计,测定二年生桔梗的生物量和产量,并通过HPLC法测定桔梗有效成分桔梗皂苷D和去芹糖桔梗皂苷D的含量。结果:一定范围内配合施用磷、钾肥可促进桔梗生长,改善外观品质,当施用P_2O_5 360 kg/hm~2、K_2O 90 kg/hm~2时,桔梗产量最高,达4 003 kg/hm~2且显著高于其他处理。合理配施磷、钾肥促使桔梗中桔梗皂苷D含量显著增加,而去芹糖桔梗皂苷D含量随施肥不同呈现与桔梗皂苷D相反的变化趋势,钾肥对桔梗皂苷D含量影响显著,当施用P_2O_5 360 kg/hm~2、K_2O 90 kg/hm~2时桔梗皂苷D含量最高,达0.263%。结论:综合磷、钾肥配施对桔梗生长状况和产量的影响可知,施用P_2O_5 360 kg/hm~2、K_2O 90 kg/hm~2时,可获得优质高产的桔梗,且肥料成本较低,适于该地区推广应用。
OBJECTIVE: To study the effects of phosphorus and potassium fertilizers with different proportions on the growth, yield and quality of Campanulaceae, aiming at selecting the best plan of P and K fertilizers suitable for planting Campanulaceae in Chifeng region. Methods: The biomass and yield of biennial Campanulaceae were determined by field experiments and orthogonal design. The content of Campanulaceae D and Seleucus glycoside D in Campanulaceae was determined by HPLC. Results: Phosphorus and potassium fertilizers could promote the growth of Campanulaceae in a certain range and improve the quality of appearance. The highest yield of Campanulaceae was 4003 kg / hm ~ 2 when P_2O_5 360 kg / hm ~ 2 and K_2O 90 kg / hm ~ 2 were applied And significantly higher than other treatments. Rational application of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer promoted the content of platycodin D in Campanulaceae significantly increased, while the content of glucosinolate D in Campanulaceae platyphylla changed inversely with platycodin D with the different fertilization. Potassium fertilizer had a significant effect on the content of platycodin D. When P_2O_5 360 kg / hm ~ 2 and K_2O 90 kg / hm ~ 2, the content of saponin D was the highest (0.263%). Conclusion: Combining the effects of phosphorus and potassium fertilizers on the growth and yield of Campanulaceae, we can see that when the P_2O_5 360 kg / hm ~ 2 and K_2O 90 kg / hm ~ 2 are applied, Promote the application in the area.