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通过实验比较,初步确定了毛细管直径对扩散系数测定值的影响:直径为1—1.6毫米的毛细管对扩散系数的测定没有影响;当管径大于2毫米时,由于不能很好限制对流的作用,测得的扩散系数偏大,并且数据重复性不好。借助于放射性同位素S~(35)在1370—1550℃之间,用毛细管-熔池法测定了硫在铁碳(饱和)熔体中的扩散系数D_S=1.6×10~(-4)exp(-3800/T),并且用数学方法补正了实验中由于毛细管内带出少量熔体所引起的偏差。
The experimental results show that the capillary diameter affects the determination of the diffusion coefficient. The capillary with diameter of 1-1.6 mm has no effect on the determination of diffusion coefficient. When the diameter is larger than 2 mm, the effect of convection can not be well restrained. The measured diffusion coefficient is large and the data is not reproducible. The diffusion coefficient of sulfur in iron-carbon (saturated) melt D_S = 1.6 × 10 ~ (-4) exp (t) was measured by the capillary-bath method with the help of radioisotope S ~ (35) at 1370-1550 ℃ -3800 / T), and the mathematical method was used to correct the deviation caused by the small amount of melt in the capillary.