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以8个玉米品种为试材,研究玉米灌浆期果穗不同部位子粒灌浆特性。结果表明,供试8个玉米品种,中下部子粒的百粒重变幅范围为34.02~51.38 g,极差为17.36 g,品种之间的变异系数为13.76%;上部子粒的百粒重变幅范围为28.61~35.13 g,极差为6.52 g,变异系数为7.29%。从灌浆开始至灌浆快增期结束上部子粒百粒重变异系数为66.13%~13.18%,中下部子粒百粒重变异系数为54.38%~12.10%,随灌浆进程子粒百粒重变异系数呈减小趋势。中下部子粒平均灌浆速率始终高于上部子粒,上部子粒灌浆速率的变异系数大于中下部子粒,且灌浆速率的变异系数随灌浆进程呈先降后增的趋势,吐丝后56 d灌浆速率的变异系数快速增长。品种间各灌浆参数的变异系数均为上部子粒大于中下部子粒。选用子粒灌浆粒位差异小的品种,采取有效措施促进上部子粒灌浆、提高粒重是实现玉米高产栽培的技术途径。
Eight maize cultivars were used as experimental materials to study the grain filling characteristics of different parts of corn at grain filling stage. The results showed that for the eight maize varieties, the variation range of the 100-kernel weight of the middle and lower kernels was 34.02-51.38 g, the difference was 17.36 g, the coefficient of variation was 13.76% The range was 28.61 ~ 35.13 g, the range was 6.52 g, and the coefficient of variation was 7.29%. From the beginning of grain filling to the end of fast filling period, the variation coefficient of 100-grain weight of the upper grain was 66.13% -13.18%, while that of the middle and lower grain was 54.38% -12.10%. With the grain filling process, trend. The average grain filling rate of middle and lower grain was always higher than that of upper grain, the coefficient of variation of grain filling rate of upper grain was higher than that of middle and lower grain, and the coefficient of variation of grain filling rate decreased first and then increased with the grain filling process. The coefficient of rapid growth. Variation coefficients of the grouting parameters among the varieties were higher in the upper part than in the lower part. Selection of grain filling grain size differences in small varieties, to take effective measures to promote the upper grain filling, grain weight is to achieve high-yielding maize cultivation techniques.