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泰勒的《科学管理原理》距今虽已有百余年的历史,但他所提倡的科学管理在历经岁月的洗礼后,至今仍被人们广为应用和不断地研究,奉为经典。《科学管理原理》中贯穿始终的思想是对效率的优化,把管理从以往的实践经验提升到了科学的层次。但人们对于科学管理的理解更多的是:以某种信念为基础,一个问题只存在一种最佳的处理方法;使人和工作实现最佳的配合,在科学管理中,管理工作着重于计划和控制。一提到《科学管理原理》大多数的人会想到科学的机器化管理模式,通过对作业动作的研究,制定标准的操作流程,工人需经过训练,达到每项操作的标准,进行科学高效的生产作业。因此,泰勒制也一度被称为“血汗工资制”。但在精读此书之后,我认为书中不仅有这些冰冷的标准化动作研究,而且还活跃着人性的因子。本文就是尝试挖掘泰勒蕴藏在《科学管理原理》书中的人本关怀。
Although Taylor’s “Principles of Scientific Management” has existed for more than 100 years now, his scientific management, after years of baptism, has so far been widely applied and constantly studied by people as a classic. The consistent philosophy throughout the Principles of Scientific Management is to optimize efficiency and elevate management from previous practical experience to a scientific level. But people’s understanding of scientific management is more: based on a certain belief, there is only one best solution to a problem; people and work achieve the best cooperation; in scientific management, management focuses on Plan and control. Mentioned in the “Principles of Scientific Management” most people think of a scientific model of machine management, through the study of the operation, the development of standard operating procedures, workers need to be trained to achieve the standards of each operation, the scientific and efficient Production operations. Therefore, the Taylor system was also once called “sweat wage system ”. But after reading the book, I think there is not only a cold, standardized movement in the book, but also a human factor. This article attempts to explore the humanistic concern that Taylor possesses in the Book of Principles of Scientific Management.