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一、前言铝和铝合金中加锂能大大提高比强度和比刚度,每加入1％的锂,合金的比重约降低3％,弹性模量约增加6％。以Al-Li系为基的一些合金是唯一有研究前途并具有工业意义的高比强度和高比弹性模量相结合的合金、用它们制作航空结构部件,能够减轻飞机的重量。到目前为止,对Al-Li合金的研究,已经集中到用传统铸锭冶金方法生产的Al-Li二元系、Al-Cu-Li和Al-Mg-Li三元系的合金成分上。然而,含锂的铝合金铸造和加工困难,铸锭中锂的偏析严重,
I. Introduction Aluminum and aluminum alloys with lithium can greatly improve the specific strength and stiffness, each added 1% lithium, the alloy reduced by about 3%, the elastic modulus increased by about 6%. Some alloys based on the Al-Li system are the only promising and industrially useful alloys of high specific strength and high modulus of elasticity that are used to make aerospace structural components that can reduce the weight of aircraft. So far, research on Al-Li alloys has focused on alloy compositions of Al-Li binary systems, Al-Cu-Li and Al-Mg-Li ternary systems produced by conventional ingot metallurgy methods. However, it is difficult to cast and process the lithium-containing aluminum alloy, the segregation of lithium in the ingot is serious,