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短跑是一项以较短时间完成所规定距离的径赛项目,也是大中小学田径教学的主要内容之一。随着短跑技术的不断发展,“快速、放松、优美、有力”被称为现代短跑的技术特点,这就要求参与者以最大幅度快速地完成动作,从而提高运动成绩,而短跑的整体技术又是靠自身各环节协调配合来完成,其中摆臂动作是整个动作的主要组成部分。摆臂不但是短跑技术中最简单的动作,还是径赛跑项目中最基础的技术环节。但由于它的简单而容易被人们所忽视,在教学训练及研究方面都存在这种倾向。上肢摆臂技术是短跑运动员的薄弱环节,本文从摆臂的作用、技术的构成等层面进行简要分析,旨在从生理学、生物力学角度探讨短跑运动中摆臂技术动作的技巧,以引起大中小学体育教师、训练者、研究人员对短跑摆臂技术的重视,同时为他们的教学与训练提供理论依据。
Dash is a track event that finishes the required distance in a short time and is also one of the main contents of track and field teaching in universities. With the continuous development of sprint technology, “fast, relaxed, beautiful, powerful ” is called the technical characteristics of modern sprint, which requires the participants to complete the action in the most rapid and thus improve the performance of sports, while the overall sprint Technology is coordinated by all aspects of their own to complete, of which the arm movement is the main part of the entire movement. The swing arm is not only the easiest move in sprint technology, but also the most basic technical part in track racing project. However, due to its simplicity and easily overlooked by people, this tendency exists in teaching training and research. Arm swinging technique is the weak link of the sprinter. This paper briefly analyzes the function of the swing arm and the composition of the technique. The aim of this article is to analyze the technique of the swing arm movement in sprint from the perspective of physiology and biomechanics, Primary school physical education teachers, trainers and researchers attach great importance to the technology of sprint arm swing, and provide theoretical basis for their teaching and training.