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本试验对７３个两系杂种小麦在单株稀植条件下，１５个杂种在群体条件下的优势表现进行了研究。 结果表明，９１．８％的供试杂种在产量上具有杂种优势，比双亲增产２０％以上的占６５．８％，超高亲２０％以上的占 ５０．７％。杂种优势主要表现在单株穗数和穗粒数增多，千粒重增加，植株增高，抽穗期提早等方面。群体条件下 １５个杂种中有１４个显著超过高产对照品种，平均增产２７．８％，最高增产４５．８％，说明两系杂种小麦具有很强 的杂种优势。但群体优势比稀植条件下的单株优势降低，可能与杂种分蘖力强造成群体荫蔽或分蘖两极分化较 慢有关。杂种优势的表现与双亲平均值和高亲值呈显著的正相关。
In this experiment, the dominant performance of 15 hybrids under population condition was studied in 73 two-line hybrid wheat under the condition of single plant thinning. The results showed that 91.8% of the tested hybrids had heterosis in yield, 65.8% more than 20% more parents and 50.7% more than 20%. Heterosis is mainly manifested in an increase in the number of panicle per plant and grains per spike, increased grain weight, increased plant height, earlier heading stage. Among 15 hybrids, 14 out of 15 hybrids significantly outperformed the high-yielding cultivars, with an average yield of 27.8% and a maximum yield of 45.8%, indicating that the two-line hybrid wheat had strong heterosis. However, the population superiority was lower than that of the single plant under the condition of thinning, which may be related to the poor ability of shade or tiller polarization in the hybrids. The performance of heterosis was positively correlated with the average of parents and high value of parents.