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目的研究5 738例狂犬病暴露者有关资料,为控制狂犬病的发生与流行提供科学依据。方法对两个狂犬病门诊监测点2005年被动物伤害就诊者(以下称“暴露者”)的资料进行流行病学分析。结果两个门诊2005年共收治5 738例暴露者;流行地区以农村为主,占66.02%;1~12月份均有发生,4~8月份最多,占57.11%;各年龄组均有暴露,最大年龄82岁,最小年龄6月龄,以0~14岁组为主,占42.20%。男女之比1.46∶1。暴露部位以下肢为主,占58.16%;咬伤程度,以Ⅱ度为主,占75.24%;伤口及时处理占67.04%。伤人动物以犬为主,占总数的85.62%。犬免疫率为1.97%。结论狂犬病暴露人群以犬伤为主,少儿为重点暴露人群。加强防病知识宣传,加强对宿主动物的管理,减少暴露机会,规范处理伤口及疫苗免疫,是减少发病的主要措施。
Objective To study the data of 5 738 rabies exposed persons and provide a scientific basis for controlling the occurrence and prevalence of rabies. Methods Epidemiological analysis was conducted on the data from two rabies outpatient monitoring sites in 2005 for animal injuries (hereinafter referred to as “exposed persons”). Results A total of 5 738 cases were exposed in 2005 in 2005. Most of the endemic areas were rural areas, accounting for 66.02% of the total population. Both occurred in January and December, with the highest in April and August (57.11%). All age groups were exposed, The maximum age of 82 years, the youngest age of 6 months old, mainly to 0 to 14-year-old group, accounting for 42.20%. Male to female ratio 1.46: 1. The exposed parts were mainly lower limbs, accounting for 58.16%. The degree of bite was mainly Ⅱ degree, accounting for 75.24%. The timely treatment of wounds accounted for 67.04%. Wound-based animals, accounting for 85.62% of the total. Dog immunization rate was 1.97%. Conclusions Rabies is predominately predominately exposed in dogs and children are the most predominantly exposed individuals. Strengthening disease prevention publicity, strengthening the management of host animals, reduce exposure opportunities, standardize the treatment of wounds and vaccine immunity, is to reduce the incidence of the main measures.