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1 引言 地震是突发式自然灾害,破坏性地震顷刻间就会使一座正常运转的城市瘫痪。尤其是近年来随着经济的飞速发展,城市规模迅速增大,高度的城市化的特点,使城市遭受地震引起的危害性大大增加。美国的北岭地震、日本的阪神地震、俄罗斯的涅夫捷戈尔斯克地震都对城市造成了严重的破坏,这促使各个国家更加重视对城市抗震防震的研究。而城市抗震防灾工作的重点之一就是保障生命线工程系统的安全。生命线工程,如能源、通
1 Introduction Earthquakes are sudden natural disasters, and a destructive earthquake will instantly paralyze a normal city. Especially in recent years, with the rapid development of the economy, the rapid increase in the size of cities and the high degree of urbanization have greatly increased the damage caused by earthquakes in cities. The Northridge Earthquake in the United States, the Great Hanshin Earthquake in Japan, and the Neftegorsk Earthquake in Russia all caused serious damage to the city. This prompted various countries to pay more attention to research on earthquake resistance and earthquake resistance in cities. One of the focal points of the city’s earthquake-resistant work is to ensure the safety of lifeline engineering systems. Lifeline engineering, such as energy, communication