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采用不同的侵蚀剂,进行了铁素体球墨铸铁中铁素体和游离态渗碳体的金相显示和区分试验。结果表明,采用常规腐蚀剂(2%~5%的硝酸酒精),难以有效地分辨在铁素体球墨铸铁工件铸造过程中非常容易出现的游离态渗碳体,借助显微硬度也只能解决部分问题。在2%~5%的硝酸酒精预蚀后,采用碱性苦味酸钠溶液沸浸5~15 min,根据不同物相的着色效果,可以完美呈现铁素体球墨铸铁中的不同物相及成份偏析;也可以在样品预蚀后,采用苦味酸水溶液,同样根据着色效果的不同,实现快捷、有效的物相区分及评级。
Different kinds of etchants were used to study the metallographic display and distinguishing test of ferrite and free cementite in ferritic ductile iron. The results show that using conventional etchant (2% ~ 5% nitric alcohol), it is difficult to effectively distinguish the free-form cementite which appears easily in the process of casting ferrite nodular cast iron. Only some problems can be solved by using microhardness . After pre-etching with 2% ~ 5% nitric alcohol, alkaline caustic soda solution is boiled for 5 ~ 15 min. According to the coloring effect of different phases, the different phases and components in ferrite ductile iron can be perfectly presented Segregation; also after the sample pre-etching, the use of picric acid solution, also based on the different coloring effect, to achieve fast, effective phase distinction and rating.