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以东方百合“索邦”为试材,在科尔沁沙地对其在不同水分胁迫下的光合特性、叶绿素荧光及干物质积累进行了研究。结果显示,随着水分胁迫的加剧,净光合速率(Pn)和蒸腾速率(Tr)明显下降。另外,水分胁迫下百合叶片发生了“光合午休”现象,气孔导度(gs)也呈下降的趋势,胞间二氧化碳浓度(Ci)先下降后升高,并且通过gs和Ci变化方向可以判断出,百合叶片净光合速率受气孔与非气孔两种因素的限制。百合叶片最小荧光(Fo)无明显变化,最大荧光(Fm)、可变荧光(Fv)和光系统Ⅱ(PSⅡ)最大光化学效率(Fv/Fm)下降较明显。百合总干重及各器官干重也随水分胁迫的加剧而明显下降。研究表明,水分胁迫降低了百合叶片净光合速率,抑制了PSⅡ的光化学活性,从而影响到了百合干物质的积累。因此,在科尔沁沙地,应该采取合理的灌溉技术来保证百合在生长过程中得到充足的水分,以此确保切花百合的品质。
With Oriental Lily “Sorbonne ” as test material, photosynthetic characteristics, chlorophyll fluorescence and dry matter accumulation under different water stress in Horqin sandy land were studied. The results showed that net photosynthetic rate (Pn) and transpiration rate (Tr) decreased significantly with the increase of water stress. In addition, the stomatal conductance (gs) of lily leaves under water stress tended to decrease, the intercellular carbon dioxide concentration (Ci) decreased first and then increased, and the direction of gs and Ci changed The results showed that the net photosynthetic rate of lily leaves was limited by two factors, stomatal and non-stomatal. There was no significant change in the minimum fluorescence (Fo) of lily leaves. The maximum photochemical efficiency (Fv / Fm) of Fm, Fv and PSⅡ decreased more obviously. The total dry weight of lily and dry weight of each organ also decreased significantly with the increase of water stress. The results showed that water stress reduced the net photosynthetic rate of lily leaves and inhibited the photochemical activity of PS Ⅱ, which affected the accumulation of lily dry matter. Therefore, in Horqin Sandy Land, reasonable irrigation techniques should be adopted to ensure that the lily can get enough water during growth to ensure the quality of cut lily.