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第三变量指影响另外两个变量之间关系的变量,即调节变量和中介变量。心理科学和许多社会科学的研究走向深入的一个标志,就是对第三变量、第四变量的作用或者对多变量的交互作用,从思考转向实证。列举了第三变量的四个研究实例,将物理世界的四维时空与体育科学的多维课题做了类比。特别指出,真实世界复杂性总是比我们能够想像出的更加复杂,这一事实迫使科学家在研究中不断引入新的变量,并用最简洁的方式描述这种复杂性。因此,一项研究的质量,常常会取决于研究变量的维数,以及描述多维变量关系的简洁性。
The third variable refers to the variables that affect the relationship between the other two variables, that is, adjusting variables and intermediary variables. One of the hallmarks of further research in psychology and many social sciences is the role of the third, fourth, or multi-variable interaction, from thinking to positivism. Cited four examples of the third variable, the physical world of four-dimensional space-time science and sports multidimensional subject made an analogy. In particular, the fact that the complexity of the real world is always more complicated than we can imagine has compelled scientists to continually introduce new variables into their research and describe the complexity in the clearest way possible. Therefore, the quality of a study often depends on the dimensions of the research variables, as well as the conciseness that describes the relationship between the multivariate variables.