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目的了解株洲市出生缺陷发生率,探讨出生缺陷干预现状与未来措施。方法对株洲市2010-2014年医疗机构分娩的围产儿出生缺陷监测资料进行分析,以了解株洲市出生缺陷发生、发展情况,为出生缺陷干预措施提供数据支持。结果缺陷总发生率2.35%,总体呈下降趋势。孕母分娩年龄25岁以下及35岁以上出生缺陷率均高于25~35岁。做过婚检者出生缺陷发生率明显低于未做过婚检者。服用小剂量叶酸能有效预防新生儿神经管畸形的发生。结论株洲市婚前检查措施对降低出生缺陷发生率发挥了重要作用,适龄生产、进行婚检、服用叶酸可有效降低出生缺陷发生率。
Objective To understand the incidence of birth defects in Zhuzhou City and explore the status quo and future measures of intervention for birth defects. Methods The data of birth defects monitoring in perinatal infants during 2010-2014 in Zhuzhou City were analyzed to understand the occurrence and development of birth defects in Zhuzhou City and provide data support for birth defects. Results The overall incidence of defects 2.35%, the overall downward trend. The birth defects of pregnant women under 25 years old and over 35 years old were higher than those of 25 ~ 35 years old. The incidence of birth defects was significantly lower than those who had not been married. Taking small doses of folic acid can effectively prevent the occurrence of neural tube defects in neonates. Conclusion Zhuzhou City premarital examination measures to reduce the incidence of birth defects played an important role, age-appropriate production, premarital examination, taking folic acid can effectively reduce the incidence of birth defects.