论文部分内容阅读
本研究采用农民习惯施肥、实地氮素管理、实时氮素管理以及实时氮素管理基础上施用基肥,探讨了集约化农田不同氮素管理对水稻品种赣晚籼30(GWX)和博优141(BY)的产量及产量主要构成因素的影响。结果表明,与农民习惯施肥相比,不同氮素优化管理分别对水稻的产量、地上生物量、吸氮量、收获指数和氮收获指数以及穗数、每株实粒数没有显著影响。每个水稻品种的产量与生物量和吸氮量均呈极显著相关性(P<0.01)。施用氮肥处理赣晚籼30平均产量为7.8 t/hm2,平均生物量为16.4 t/hm2,地上部平均吸氮量为N 175.6 kg/hm2,博优141的平均产量为8.9 t/hm2,生物量16.1 t/hm2,吸氮量N为150.6 kg/hm2。氮肥施用后,博优141的产量、收获指数、氮收获指数、每株总粒数、实粒数显著高于赣晚籼30(P<0.05),而博优141的吸氮量、结实率和千粒重都显著低于赣晚籼30(P<0.05)。与农民习惯施肥相比,实时氮素管理节肥率最高,实地氮素管理节肥率最小;基肥施用具有稳产作用。总之,在当前集约化农田管理中,适量减少氮肥施用并不会影响水稻产量及其主要构成因素,但氮肥减施的可持续性有待进一步研究。
In this study, basal application of peasant habitat fertilization, on-the-spot nitrogen management, real-time nitrogen management and real-time nitrogen management were used to investigate the effects of intensive nitrogen management on GWX and BYD 141 ) Yield and yield of the main components of the impact. The results showed that compared with peasants’ habitual fertilization, different nitrogen management had no significant effect on rice yield, aboveground biomass, nitrogen uptake, harvest index and nitrogen harvest index, spike number per plant and grain number per plant. The yield of each rice variety was significantly correlated with biomass and nitrogen uptake (P <0.01). The average yield of late indica rice 30 was 7.8 t / hm2, the average biomass was 16.4 t / hm2, the average nitrogen uptake of shoot N was N 175.6 kg / hm2, and the average yield of Beiyou 141 was 8.9 t / hm2. Amount of 16.1 t / hm2, nitrogen uptake N of 150.6 kg / hm2. After nitrogen application, the yield, harvest index, nitrogen harvest index, total grain number and grain number per plant of Beiyou 141 were significantly higher than those of Ganxian 30 (P <0.05), while the nitrogen absorption and seed setting rate And 1000-grain weight were significantly lower than Ganxian 30 (P <0.05). Compared with peasants’ habitual fertilization, the real-time N-fertilizer management rate was the highest, while that of on-the-spot nitrogen management was the lowest. The basal manure application had a stable yield. In a word, in the current intensive farmland management, reducing nitrogen application moderately will not affect rice yield and its main components, but the sustainability of nitrogen reduction needs further study.