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反刍动物瘤胃中产甲烷菌可以利用氢气、甲醇和甲胺等物质生成甲烷,不仅造成饲料能量的浪费,同时甲烷作为一种主要的温室气体也对环境构成了严重的威胁。因此,众多学者都在寻找降低反刍动物甲烷排放的方法,其中有学者提出在饲粮中添加适量可直接饲喂的微生物(Direct-fed microbes,DFM)是一种很有潜力的方法,但目前还处于初步探索阶段。本文综述了几种重要的DFM,并介绍了其作用机制及应用效果。
Methanogenic bacteria in the ruminant rumen can generate methane using hydrogen, methanol and methylamine, which not only results in the waste of feed energy, but also poses a serious threat to the environment as a major greenhouse gas. Therefore, many scholars are looking for ways to reduce methane emissions from ruminants. Among them, some scholars have suggested that adding appropriate amount of direct-fed microbes (DFM) to diets is a promising method, but at present Is still in the preliminary exploration stage. This article reviews several important DFMs and describes their mechanisms of action and their effectiveness.