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目的观察大鼠脑缺血再灌流不同时期海马ＣＡ１区神经元动态变化，了解迟发性神经元坏死的产生过程及其规律，为治疗性实验性用药制定参考时间表。方法采用Ｗｉｓｔａｒ大鼠四血管结扎模型，造成前脑缺血，于再灌流不同时间点上处死动物，取脑、石腊包埋、冠状切片、光镜观察。结果海马ＣＡ１锥体细胞在再灌流２４ｈ时，主要表现为胞质着色变浅淡，核肿胀；再灌４８ｈ时：细胞严重变性，边界模糊、消失，有明显细胞缺失；６０ｈ时：呈现严重细胞丢失，尚存细胞呈裸核状；７２ｈ时：只残留极少数细胞，呈散在分布。结论ＣＡ１迟发性神经元坏死从再灌流第一天即已开始，第２、３天为剧。对抗ＤＮＤ的药物应用以在再灌流４８ｈ之前为宜；对某些药物来讲，可能在一过性脑缺血后２４ｈ左右应用能表现出疗效。
Objective To observe the dynamic changes of neurons in hippocampal CA1 area during different stages of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion in rats and to find out the process and regularity of delayed neuronal necrosis so as to establish a reference timetable for therapeutic experimental drugs. Methods The Wistar rat model of four-vessel ligation was used to induce forebrain ischemia. Animals were sacrificed at different time points after reperfusion. Brain and paraffin embedded, coronal sections and light microscopy were used. Results The hippocampal CA1 pyramidal neurons became pale and nuclear swelling at 24 hours after reperfusion. At 48 hours after reperfusion, the cells were severely degenerated, the boundaries were blurred and disappeared, with obvious cell loss. At 60 hours, the cells showed serious cells Lost, surviving cells showed nude nucleus; 72h: only a handful of cells remained, scattered distribution. Conclusion CA1 delayed neuronal necrosis from the first day of reperfusion has begun, the first 2,3 days of drama. Anti-DND drug application in the reperfusion 48h before appropriate; for some drugs, it may be after transient cerebral ischemia about 24h application can show efficacy.