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应用光学显微镜对长白山地区122种(含4变种)夏季常见的开花植物花粉形态进行观察和研究,结果表明:花粉粒以近球形和长球形为主,分别占41.8%和33.6%,其它还有球形、扁球形、超长球形、超扁球形、花粉块。花粉粒中P/E值最大的为朝鲜当归(Angelica gigas Nakai)2.12,最小的为柳兰(Epilobium angustifolium L.)0.82;最大的花粉为北锦葵(直径118μm),最小的为落新妇(12.5×10.3μm)。花粉萌发孔以3孔沟和3沟为主,分别占41.8%和14.6%,还有少量的为散孔、3孔、6沟、4孔、单沟、3(-4)孔沟、4沟等类型。外壁纹饰有6种,主要有细网状(50%)和刺状(22.1%),其他还有颗粒状、粗网状、条纹状、条纹-穿孔。本文还对同科不同属、同属不同种、同种不同地区的花粉形态进行了讨论,研究结果为长白山地区沉积花粉的准确鉴定提供鉴别指南和标准对照图谱,为第四纪地层花粉的研究提供现代孢粉学资料。
The pollen morphology of 122 species (including 4 varieties) common in summer in Changbai Mountain was observed and studied by light microscopy. The results showed that the pollen grains were mostly spherical and long-spheroid, accounting for 41.8% and 33.6% respectively, and others were spherical , Flat spherical, long spherical, super-spherical, pollen blocks. The largest P / E value in pollen grains was 2.12 for Angelica gigas Nakai and 0.82 for Epilobium angustifolium L. The largest pollen was Northern Malvaceous (118 μm in diameter) 12.5 × 10.3 μm). The germination of pollen germination was dominated by 3-well and 3-well, accounting for 41.8% and 14.6% respectively. There were also a few of spores, 3, 6, 4, Ditch and other types. There are 6 kinds of ornamentation on the outer wall, mainly fine mesh (50%) and thorn (22.1%), others are granular, coarse mesh, striped, striped - perforation. The pollen morphology of different genus, same genus and different regions of the same genus were also discussed in this paper. The results provide the identification guidelines and standard control maps for the accurate identification of sedimentary pollen in Changbai Mountain area, and provide the research results for quaternary pollen Modern palynology information.