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自由贸易是美国对外贸易的基本理念。贸易自由化是战后美国对外贸易政策的基本特征,原因在于贸易自由化每年给美国带来1万亿美元左右的收益。对美国货物贸易的基本格局可以从五个方面认识:美国是世界上进出口规模最大的国家;美国进口规模比出口规模对世界经济的影响更大;美国是世界上最大的贸易逆差国,享受了世界最多的物质财富;美国贸易条件的变动表明对外贸易格局有利于美国;美国进口规模扩大与产业结构升级的结合演变为美国结构性增长优势。
Free trade is the basic concept of U.S. foreign trade. Trade liberalization is a basic feature of the post-war U.S. foreign trade policy because trade liberalization brings about 1 trillion U.S. dollars a year to the United States. The basic pattern of U.S. trade in goods can be understood in five aspects: the United States is the largest country in the world in terms of volume of imports and exports; the U.S. imports have a greater impact on the world economy than the scale of exports; and the United States is the world’s largest trade deficit country, enjoying The most material wealth in the world. The changes in the terms of trade in the United States show that the pattern of foreign trade is conducive to the United States. The combination of the expansion of the U.S. import scale and the upgrading of the industrial structure has evolved into the advantage of U.S. structural growth.