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一、原理含锰矿物种类较多,分布普遍,但具有经济价值的锰矿物,主要是锰的氧化物和碳酸盐。其主要矿物有硬锰矿、软锰矿、黑锰矿、水锰矿、菱锰矿等。这些锰矿物一般都能与盐酸作用,其化学反应式为: 2 MnO_2+4HCl→2 MnCl_2+2H_2O+O_2 MnCO_3+2 HCl→MnCl_2+H_2O+CO_2 锰矿物与盐酸作用后的溶液,经干涸后,易生成氯化锰和含水氯化锰晶体,可在正交偏光显微镜下,根据其晶体形状、光性和潮解转变等特征加以鉴别。二、方法该方法只需一台偏光显微镜、酒精灯和数片载物片,以及20～50％的盐酸一滴瓶。其步骤是:刻取粒径为1毫米左右的矿物或矿石置于载物片上,滴入20～50％盐酸,移于酒精灯上缓缓加热
First, the principle Manganese minerals more, widespread, but economically valuable manganese minerals, mainly manganese oxides and carbonates. Its main minerals are hard manganese, pyrolusite, black manganese ore, manganese ore, rhodochrosite and so on. These manganese minerals can generally react with hydrochloric acid. The chemical reaction formula is as follows: 2 MnO 2 + 4HCl → 2 MnCl 2 + 2H 2 O + O 2 MnCO 3 + 2 HCl → MnCl 2 + H 2 O + CO 2 After the manganese mineral and hydrochloric acid solution is dried up, Easy to generate manganese chloride and aqueous manganese chloride crystals, under the orthogonal polarization microscope, according to its crystal shape, phototrophy and deliquescence and other characteristics to be identified. Second, the method The method requires only a polarizing microscope, alcohol lamp and a few pieces of tablets, and 20 to 50% hydrochloric acid drop bottle. The steps are as follows: carve a mineral or ore with a particle size of about 1mm on a slide, drip 20-50% hydrochloric acid, move slowly on an alcohol lamp