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温室气体排放交易的配额总量设定是制度设计和实施的重要前提。为此,国家或地区的政策制定者必须综合考虑政治、经济、社会和环境科学等多方面影响因素以便达成对配额总量水平的最佳设定。具体而言,国家或地区的减排目标、其他减排措施的实施效果、以及温室气体排放交易制度的覆盖范围等因素直接决定着配额总量水平,全球温室气体排放预算和减排分担机制则通过影响减排目标而间接影响配额总量,而宏观经济因素则同时发挥着直接和间接影响作用。
The establishment of quotas for greenhouse gas emissions trading is an important precondition for the design and implementation of the system. For this reason, policymakers in countries or regions must comprehensively consider various influencing factors such as political, economic, social and environmental science in order to achieve the optimal setting of the total quota. Specifically, the emission reduction targets of the country or region, the effectiveness of other emission reduction measures and the coverage of the greenhouse gas emission trading system directly determine the total quota level, the global greenhouse gas emission budget and the emission reduction sharing mechanism By affecting the emission reduction targets indirectly affect the total quota, while macroeconomic factors play both direct and indirect effects.